The Diving Bell and the Butterfly


July 2, 2026

Home > Resources > Books > Book Reviews
adult memoir (books featuring AAC)

By: Esther Klang; NWACS Board Member

Reading time: 3 minutes

Let’s dive into a quick overview of a book featuring AAC:

Book Title: The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (Le Scaphandre et le Papillon)

Author: Jean-Dominique Bauby

Published in 1997

Age Range: high school and adult

Book Type: nonfiction / memoir

How AAC is Featured: The Diving Bell and the Butterfly is a poignant memoir by Jean-Dominique Bauby. Bauby had a massive stroke, which led to locked-in syndrome. This condition left him completely aware of his surroundings, but he couldn’t move or speak. He had to rely on others for everything, from communication to daily physical care. Bauby’s story is moving and inspiring. It’s a must-read for anyone curious about human resilience.

AAC and Communication

Locked-in Syndrome

The Diving Bell and the Butterfly book cover

Bauby’s experience with locked-in syndrome shows how strong the human spirit can be. His memoir tells the story of his fight against complete physical paralysis. Locked-in syndrome is a condition in which a person is fully awake and aware but unable to speak or move. Even though he couldn’t move or speak, his mind remained clear. With the help of a caregiver, he used blinking to convey messages.

He used a specific system to share his thoughts. To do this, a caregiver read letters aloud from an alphabet board. Bauby arranged the letters by how often they were used when speaking. This helped him select the letters faster. Bauby would blink to select letters. He wrote the entire book over time using this system.

This process highlights his determination and resilience. Bauby blinks to share his thoughts. This shows that people with severe disabilities have valuable ideas. With the right support, they can share these thoughts and lead meaningful lives.

Symbolism in the Title

The title, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, is rich in symbolism.

  • The diving bell shows Bauby’s trapped body. It also represents his physical struggles.
  • The butterfly symbolizes Bauby’s free mind. It shows how his imagination and creativity stayed free, even with his paralysis.

In the book, Bauby shifts between two states. He shows the fight between his physical limits and mental freedom.

The Writing Process

As an AAC user, I can relate to the challenges Bauby faced while writing. Every letter counted. The team selected each word with precision. His process was unique because it required total mental preparation. He had to know the entire sentence before starting to write. He couldn’t delete words or ramble.

This focus led to precise, concise, and powerful writing. The difficulty of his method actually improved his writing, making it more nuanced.

Memorable Moments

The book has several memorable moments, including:

  • Vivid descriptions of foods he can no longer eat.
  • Heartbreaking accounts of visits from his children as he struggles to connect with them.
  • Daily chats with a friend allowed Bauby to engage in meaningful conversation. These talks bring back his humanity. They also give him the emotional support he needs to handle his isolation.

Bauby’s writing is honest and unflinching, offering a raw look at his experience.

Impact of the Book

Bauby’s story has had a profound impact on me, both as a professional and as an AAC user. His struggle to express himself strikes a deep chord. His determination to write the book is a testament to the human spirit. The book stresses that everyone should share their thoughts and make their voices heard. It reminds us to show empathy and understanding.

The book’s impact is also evident in its reception. Published in 1997, it was a bestseller. Later, it was adapted into a film, bringing Bauby’s haunting yet uplifting experiences to life.

Discussion

Have you read this book? I’d love to hear your thoughts on Bauby’s story.

How has it changed your view of disability and communication?

What do you think is the most important message or theme of the book?

How has it changed how you think about people with physical and speech disabilities? 

How has it influenced your perspective on empathy and understanding?

Share your comments or questions.

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Esther Klang

Esther Klang, CPACC

Preferred Pronouns: she/her

Esther is a 29-year-old woman who has been living with quadriplegia and a speech disability for the past 18 years, due to a brain stem tumor removal surgery in 2006. She is extremely passionate about disability rights. In particular, spreading awareness and ensuring that everyone has access to assistive technology (AT) and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Esther holds a Certified Professional in Accessibility Core Competencies (CPACC) certification from the International Association of Accessibility Professionals (IAAP). As an accessibility tester for several companies and freelance clients, she ensures that websites and apps are accessible to assistive technology users.

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